Collectors' References
Many collectors’ references are cited throughout Trees and Shrubs Online, often in the form of an initial or acronym associated with a serial number, e.g. F 6744. To help decipher these the following list is provided, but further references are also available in the annual editions of The RHS Plant Finder. We are very grateful to Susyn Andrews for her help in compiling this list. There is occasional variation in the form in which such references are cited, as different institutions use different forms (for example, W&H and WAHO both relate to collections made by Roger Warner and Lord Howick). Collection numbers are an important part of the data associated with wild-origin material, and should never be discarded from labels or records.
Several international protocols, particularly the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and its successor the Nagoya Protocol, call for the conservation of biodiversity and set out internationally agreed provisions for the fair and equitable sharing of any benefits derived from a sovereign state’s biological resources. Since the CBD’s adoption in 1993, collectors and collecting teams from all signatory nations are required to have prior informed consent from the country of origin prior to collection and any subsequent commercialisation of collected material.
- A&L
- Ann Ala, Roy Lancaster. Iran, 1972.
- ACE
- Alpine Garden Society Expedition to China, 1994.
- B&L
- See BRLL.
- BB
- Bruce Bartholomew.
- BECX
- RBG Kew: I. Beyer, Charles Erskine, Jill Cowley. South Korea, 1982.
- BRLL
- Christopher Brickell, Alan Leslie. (Also B&L.)
- BSWJ
- Bleddyn and Sue Wynn-Jones. (Crûg Farm Plants. For a comprehensive list of Wynn-Jones collections, see Crûg Farm Plants 2007–2008.)
- BWJ
- Bleddyn Wynn-Jones (collecting alone).
- CBS
- NACPEC Expedition to Changbai Shan, Jilin, China, 1997. (Correctly, the reference is NACPEC 97 (CBS).)
- CDR
- James Compton, John d’Arcy, Martyn Rix.
- CEE
- Chengdu Edinburgh Expedition, 1991.
- CH
- Peter Cox, Steve Hootman.
- CLD
- Cangshan, Lijiang, Dali Expedition, 1990. (Sometimes CLDX.)
- DAP
- Dendrological Atlas Project.
- DJH
- Daniel J. Hinkley. (Suffix indicates collection area. For example: DJHB, Bhutan; DJHC, China; DJHJ, Japan; DJHS, Sikkim; DJHT, Taiwan; DJHV, Vietnam.)
- ECEH
- Eric Hammond (formerly of Heronswood Nursery). Chile, 2000.
- EDHCH
- Eric Hammond. China, 1997.
- EHOK
- RBG Kew Expedition to Hokkaido, 1997.
- EMAK
- RBG Edinburgh Expedition to Makalu, 1991.
- EN
- Edward Needham.
- ENEP
- RBG Edinburgh Nepal Expedition, 2001.
- EPAK
- RBG Kew Expedition to Pakistan, 1995.
- ESUS
- RBG Kew Expedition to Sakhalin & Ussuri, 1994.
- ETAZ
- RBG Kew Expedition to Tasmania, 2002.
- ETE
- RBG Edinburgh Expedition to Taiwan, 1993.
- ETOT
- RBG Kew Expedition to Taiwan, 1992.
- F
- George Forrest. (Occasionally also used for collections by Reginald Farrer.)
- FAWA
- Aljos Farjon, A. Watt.
- FLSX
- RBG Kew: H. Fliegner, John Simmons Expedition to Iran, 1977.
- FRJA
- Aljos Farjon. (Kew records format.)
- G&K
- Martin Gardner, Sabina Knees. Chile, 1990.
- GCCE
- Glasnevin Central China Expedition, 2002.
- GSE
- RBG Edinburgh Gaoligong Shan Expedition, 1996.
- GUIZ
- RBG Kew Expedition to Guizhou, 1985.
- GWC
- Guy Clapperton.
- GWJ
- Sally Goddard, Bleddyn and Sue Wynn-Jones.
- H
- Lord (Charles) Howick. (Usually used in combination: H&M, etc.)
- H&M
- Lord (Charles) Howick, Bill McNamara.
- HLJ
- NACPEC Expedition to Heilongjiang, China, 1993.
- HONX
- RBG Kew Expedition to Honshu, 1996.
- HWJ
- Dan Hinkley, Bleddyn and Sue Wynn-Jones. Vietnam, 1999.
- HWJK
- D. Hinkley, Bleddyn and Sue Wynn-Jones, Jamaica Kincaid. Eastern Nepal, 2002.
- ICE
- Instituto de Investigaciones Ecologicas Chiloé & RBG Edinburgh, 1996.
- JCRA
- JC Raulston Arboretum.
- JR
- James Russell.
- KE
- (USNA-led) Korean Expedition – Southwest Coast & Islands, 1985. (Also sometimes KSW.)
- KEKE
- RBG Kew & Edinburgh Kanchenjunga Expedition, 1989.
- KFBX
- RBG Kew: Tony Kirkham, Mark Flanagan, Peter Boyce. Expedition to South Korea, 1989.
- KGB
- Kunming/Gothenburg Expedition, 1993.
- KNW
- (USNA-led) Expedition to Korea – Northwest Coast and Islands, 1984.
- KR
- Keith Rushforth.
- KSW
- See KE.
- KW
- Frank Kingdon-Ward.
- L
- Roy Lancaster.
- LUSE
- Ludlow, Sherriff, Elliot. Himalaya, 1947.
- MAWAX
- Araucaria Expedition, Chile, 1998.
- MBMX
- Bill McNamara, Michael Maunder. Expedition to Japan, 1989.
- MF
- Maurice Foster.
- NA
- US National Arboretum (accession prefix).
- NACPEC
- North American China Plant Exploration Consortium (a group of collaborating institutions, mostly from the eastern United States).
- NACPEC 97 (CBS)
- NACPEC Expedition to Changbai Shan, Jilin, China, 1997.
- NEKG
- (USNA-led) Expedition to Korea – Northeast, 1989.
- NJM
- Nick Macer.
- NWKNW
- (USNA-led) Expedition to Korea – Northwest, 1984.
- PCH MEX
- G. Pattison, P. Catt, M. Hickson. Mexico, 1995.
- PI
- USDA Plant Introduction.
- PW
- Peter Wharton.
- QPH
- QingPu Paradise Horticultural Co. (commercial branch of Shanghai Botanic Garden).
- RC
- Robert (Bob) Cherry.
- RMcB
- Ron McBeath.
- RWJ
- Crûg–Rickard’s Ferns Joint expedition to Taiwan, 2003.
- SABE
- Sino-American Botanical Expedition, 1980.
- SAS
- Stephen A. Spongberg.
- SBEC
- Sino-British Expedition to the Cangshan, 1981.
- SBG
- Shanghai Botanic Garden.
- SCHL
- Tony Schilling.
- SCN
- RBG Edinburgh Sichuan Expedition, 1992.
- SEP
- Swedish Expedition to Pakistan, 1983.
- SICH
- (RBG Kew-led) Expeditions to Sichuan. (Successive numbering for nine expeditions, 1988–2003.)
- SOJA
- Bill McNamara, Michael Maunder. Southern Japan, 1989.
- SOKU
- RBG Kew Expedition to Shikoku (Ray Townsend, Mark Bridger), 1999.
- SSC
- Schilling, Sayers, Bista. 1966.
- TH
- Tom Hudson.
- THD
- Tom Hart Dyke.
- TNL
- Philip Thomas, Nan Li, 1999.
- TURX
- RBG Kew Expedition to Turkey (M. Flanagan, M. Pitman), 1990.
- UCEXC
- Universidad de Chile, RBG Edinburgh. Expedition to Southern Chile, 1998.
- USDA
- US Dept. of Agriculture.
- USNA
- US National Arboretum.
- VERA
- M. Sparrow, P. Brewster, Expedition to Veracruz, 1993.
- W
- E.H. Wilson. (Also WILS.)
- WAHO
- Roger Warner, Lord (Charles) Howick. United States, 1986. (Also WH, W&H.)
- WAPE
- John Watson, Stephen Pern.
- WD
- NACPEC Expedition to Wudang Shan, Northwestern Hubei, China, 1994.
- WH / W&H
- See WAHO.
- WILS / Wilson
- See W.
- WSYUS
- Widrlechner, Schutzki, Yukhnovsky, Sviatetsky. Ukraine, 1999.