Rhododendron haematodes Franch.

TSO logo

Sponsor

Kindly sponsored by
Peter Norris, enabling the use of The Rhododendron Handbook 1998

Credits

Article from Bean's Trees and Shrubs Hardy in the British Isles

Recommended citation
'Rhododendron haematodes' from the website Trees and Shrubs Online (treesandshrubsonline.org/articles/rhododendron/rhododendron-haematodes/). Accessed 2024-03-18.

Genus

Other taxa in genus

Glossary

calyx
(pl. calyces) Outer whorl of the perianth. Composed of several sepals.
corolla
The inner whorl of the perianth. Composed of free or united petals often showy.
ovary
Lowest part of the carpel containing the ovules; later developing into the fruit.
apex
(pl. apices) Tip. apical At the apex.
calyx
(pl. calyces) Outer whorl of the perianth. Composed of several sepals.
glabrous
Lacking hairs smooth. glabrescent Becoming hairless.
mucro
Short straight point. mucronate Bearing a mucro.
section
(sect.) Subdivision of a genus.
style
Generally an elongated structure arising from the ovary bearing the stigma at its tip.

Credits

Article from Bean's Trees and Shrubs Hardy in the British Isles

Recommended citation
'Rhododendron haematodes' from the website Trees and Shrubs Online (treesandshrubsonline.org/articles/rhododendron/rhododendron-haematodes/). Accessed 2024-03-18.

Small shrub, 0.6–1.8 m. Leaves 4.5–10 × 1.8–5.5 cm, obovate to oblong, lower surface with a two-layered indumentum, the upper layer a fawn to red-brown densely matted tomentum, composed of dendroid hairs, the lower whitish, compacted; petioles densely tomentose or setose and tomentose. Flowers 4–8, in a tight truss; calyx 1–15 mm, when well-developed cupular, but with irregular lobes; corolla fleshy, scarlet to deep crimson, tubular-campanulate, with nectar pouches, 35–45(–50) mm; ovary densely rufous-tomentose, abruptly contracted into the glabrous style. Flowering March-June. Royal Horticultural Society (1997)

Distribution  China SE Tibet, W Yunnan

Habitat 3,350–4,450 m

RHS Hardiness Rating H6

Conservation status Near threatened (NT)

An evergreen shrub of close, dwarf habit as seen in cultivation but said by Forrest in a field note to be sometimes 6 to 10 ft high; young shoots clothed with a dense brown wool. Leaves leathery, obovate, abruptly contracted at the apex to a small mucro, tapered gradually to the base, 112 to 312 in. long, 34 to 112 in. wide, dark glossy green above, densely felted with reddish-brown wool beneath; stalk 14 to 12 in. long, woolly. Flowers in a terminal cluster of six to ten, on slender, downy stalks up to 112 in. long opening in mid-May. Calyx red, unequally five-lobed, up to 13 in. long. Corolla funnel-shaped with five broad, rounded, erect lobes; 112 to 2 in. long, nearly as much wide, scarlet to deep, rich, almost blood red. Stamens ten, 12 to 34 in. long, glabrous or nearly so; anthers brown. Ovary densely woolly; style glabrous. Bot. Mag., t. 9165. (s. Neriiflorum ss. Haematodes)

R. haematodes was discovered by the Abbé Delavay in the Tali range, Yunnan, where it is associated with R. neriiflorum at 12,000 to 13,000 ft. The cultivated plants descend mainly from seed-collections by Forrest in the same area in 1910 (F.6773) and 1917 (F.15521), both from low-growing plants, which may explain why this species is usually seen in gardens as a shrub only a few feet high and more in width. It is certainly one of the best of his introductions so far as this country in general is concerned, for it is very hardy. Its dwarf habit and slow growth make it suitable for the rock garden. It is the type species of a section of the Neriiflorum series distinguished mainly by the thick woolly covering on the young shoots and underneath the leaf. The richly coloured flowers are very effective and as a rule come late enough to escape frost. In the var. calycinum Franch., the coloured calyx is remarkably developed so that the lobes may be as much as 34 in. long.

R. haematodes received a First Class Certificate when shown by A. M. Williams, Werrington Park, Cornwall, on April 27, 1926.

From the Supplement (Vol. V)

subsp. chaetomallum (Balf.f. & Forr.) Chamberlain R. chaetomallum Balf.f. & Forr.; R. chaetomallum var. glaucescens Tagg & Forr. – See R. chaetomallum, page 627, and in this supplement. It differs from subsp. haematodes in having the young shoots and petioles clad with stout bristles (Rev. 2, p. 390).


R catacosmum Tagg

Allied to R. haematodes, but with stouter shoots, larger obovate leaves up to 4{1/2} in. long, rounded at the apex, a more widely campanulate corolla and a larger, cup-like calyx. The flowers are rosy crimson, deep crimson, or scarlet, in lax trusses of about nine, on pedicels 1 in. long, opening in March or April and often caught by frost. The shoots are woolly, not bristly as in R. chaetomallum, to which it bears some resemblance. It is a shrub up to 9 ft in the wild, found by Forrest in S.E. Tibet in side-valleys on the Salween-Kiuchiang divide at 13,000 to 14,000 ft and was introduced by him in 1921. Although highly praised it is uncommon in gardens and has never received an award.

subsp. chaetomallum (Balf.f. & Forrest) D.F.Chamb.

Petioles and young shoots predominantly setose, setae stout.

Distribution NE Burma, China (SE Tibet, NW Yunnan).

Awards AM 1959 (E. de Rothschild, Exbury) as R. chaetomallum, from Forrest 25601; flowers Turkey Red.

Taxonomic note (R. chaetomallum Balf.f. & Forrest)

The two subspecies merge in NW Yunnan where the ranges of the two overlap, perhaps as a result of hybridization. However, only subsp. haematodes occurs in the Dali region of W Yunnan, and some populations in NW Yunnan contain only subsp. chaetomallum.


subsp. haematodes

Petioles and young shoots predominantly tomentose, setae, when present, few and slender.

Distribution China (W Yunnan).

Awards FCC 1926 (A.M. Williams, Launceston, Cornwall); flowers bright scarlet.