Article from Bean's Trees and Shrubs Hardy in the British Isles
Recommended citation
'Rhamnus tinctoria' from the website Trees and Shrubs Online (treesandshrubsonline.
This species belongs to the same group as R. infectoria and R. saxatilis, and is a deciduous shrub up to 4 or 6 ft high, the side branchlets spine-tipped. It is distinguished from both its allies by the very hairy leaf-stalk. The largest leaves are 2 in. long by 1 in. wide, the smallest 1⁄2 in. long; oval, more or less downy beneath, and with usually three, sometimes four pairs of veins converging towards the apex. Fruits black, top-shaped.
Native of S.E. Europe; introduced in 1820, but of little garden value.