Quercus × atlantica Ashe

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The International Dendrology Society, The Wynkcoombe Arboretum, and several private individuals

Credits

Allen Coombes & Roderick Cameron (2026)

Recommended citation
Coombes, A. & Cameron, R. (2026), 'Quercus × atlantica' from the website Trees and Shrubs Online (treesandshrubsonline.org/articles/quercus/quercus-x-atlantica/). Accessed 2026-06-09.

Family

  • Fagaceae

Genus

  • Quercus
  • Subgen. Quercus, Sect. Lobatae
    Q. incana × Q. laurifolia

Other taxa in genus

Glossary

apex
(pl. apices) Tip. apical At the apex.
dbh
Diameter (of trunk) at breast height. Breast height is defined as 4.5 feet (1.37 m) above the ground.
hybrid
Plant originating from the cross-fertilisation of genetically distinct individuals (e.g. two species or two subspecies).
synonym
(syn.) (botanical) An alternative or former name for a taxon usually considered to be invalid (often given in brackets). Synonyms arise when a taxon has been described more than once (the prior name usually being the one accepted as correct) or if an article of the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature has been contravened requiring the publishing of a new name. Developments in taxonomic thought may be reflected in an increasing list of synonyms as generic or specific concepts change over time.

Credits

Allen Coombes & Roderick Cameron (2026)

Recommended citation
Coombes, A. & Cameron, R. (2026), 'Quercus × atlantica' from the website Trees and Shrubs Online (treesandshrubsonline.org/articles/quercus/quercus-x-atlantica/). Accessed 2026-06-09.

Tree to 25 m and up to 80 cm diameter with spreading and ascending branches forming a broad, symmetrical crown. Young shoots greyish, pubescent. Leaves late deciduous, oblong to narrowly ovate or spatulate, rounded or with a short point at the bristle-tipped apex, tapered at the base to a petiole of about 5 mm. They are glabrous except on the midrib and petiole and are sparsely pubescent beneath with up to 6 pairs of lateral veins. Fruit biennial, sessile or nearly so. Cupule thin and shallow, to 18 mm across, the scales with brown pubescence. Nut to 15 mm long and 17 mm across, dark grey-brown, pubescent at the apex. (Ashe 1916).

Distribution  United States Southeastern States

Habitat Swamp margins, sandy flood plains, riverbanks and upland ridges.

USDA Hardiness Zone 6

RHS Hardiness Rating H6

Taxonomic note Sargent (1918) listed this under Quercus dubia Ashe, a name that is predated by a fossil of the same name and now an illegitimate synonym of Q. × filialis. He remarked that the leaves on Ashe’s specimen of Q. × atlantica resembled those of Q. laurifolia in size and shape, and like that species, were often lobed at the apex.

The hybrid Quercus × atlantica is rare in cultivation and was likely introduced as scions collected in the wild. It was 4 m tall at Arboretum du Passadou, France, in 2019 (pers. obs. AJC) and at Thenford Arboretum, UK, it was 4 m × 11 cm dbh in 2019 (The Tree Register 2025). Both these trees are similar to Q. laurifolia and show little influence of Q. incana.

The epithet presumably refers to the Atlantic Ocean, but Ashe does not offer an explanation of the derivation. He collected the type in Lumber City, Georgia, which is about 130 km from the Atlantic Coast. Ashe also published Azalea atlantica, in (Ashe 1917)1917, for which the type was collected near Georgetown, South Carolina, which is only some 10 km from the coast.